A telomere is a region of repetitive DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome. Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from becoming frayed or tangled. Each time a cell divides,the telomeres become slightly shorter. Eventually, they become so short that the cell can no longer divide successfully, and the cell dies.
端粒是染色體末端的重複 DNA 序列區域。端粒保護染色體的末端不被磨損或纏結。每次細胞分裂時,端粒都會稍微變短。最終,它們變得如此之短,以至於細胞不能再成功分裂,細胞就會死亡。
In embryonic stem cells, telomerase is activated and maintains telomere length and cellular immortality
在胚胎幹細胞中,端粒酶被激活並維持端粒長度和細胞永生
Telomerase activity decreases in association with cell differentiation and is generally absent from most somatic cells in the adult
端粒酶活性隨著細胞分化而降低,成人的大多數體細胞通常不存在端粒酶活性(那是因為大家都不吃提升免疫力的健康養生食物及健康食品,免疫力太差【甚至連綜合礦物質維他命也沒在補充】。)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) express high levels of telomerase activity that are required to maintain telomere length.
胚胎幹細胞 (ESC) 表達了維持端粒長度所需的高水平端粒酶活性。